Coins tell stories about history, culture, and the people who lived during their time. One fascinating coin is the 1807 Austrian 30 kreuzer copper coin. It features the portrait of Franz II, the last ruler of the Holy Roman Empire and the first ruler of the Austrian Empire. This article will explore the background of this coin, its design, and why it is so special to collectors.
The Doppelkaiser: Franz II
Franz II, also known as Francis II in English, was a significant figure in European history. He was born in 1768 into a famous royal family, including his grandmother, Maria Theresa, and his uncle, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. As a teenager, he was trained for his role as emperor by his uncle. Franz became Holy Roman Emperor in 1792 after his father, Leopold II, died.
During Franz II’s reign, the French Revolution was shaking Europe. This revolution inspired people to rise against monarchies, which frightened rulers like Franz. The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte added to these fears. After losing to Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, Franz disbanded the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. In 1804, he had already established the Austrian Empire, which continued to function even during these turbulent times.
The Denomination: What is a Kreuzer?
The term “kreuzer” has its roots in the 16th century. Originally, it was a silver coin worth 1/60 of a gulden. By the 1760s, the one-kreuzer coin was made of copper. However, higher denominations were still made of silver. In 1807, the Vienna State Bank minted copper coins of 15 and 30 kreuzers, linking them to the value of the bank’s paper money. Eventually, in 1857, Austria switched to a decimal currency system where 120 kreuzers equaled one thaler.
Coin Specifications Table
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Nationality | Austria/Austrian Empire |
| Issuing Authority | Franz II |
| Date | 1807 |
| Mint Marks | A (Vienna), B (Kremnica), E (Karlsburg), G (Graz), S (Smolník) |
| Mintage | 15,787 |
| Metal/Alloy | Copper |
| Denomination | 30 Kreuzer |
| Weight | 17.5 g |
| Diameter | 37.5 mm |
| Edge | Chain (reeded in a special pattern) |
Obverse Design: Details of the Coin
The obverse side of the 30 kreuzer coin features a striking design. Around the edge, there is an inscription that reads:
“FRANZ KAIS· V·OEST·KOEN· Z·HUNG·BOEH·* GALIZ·U·LOD·*”**
This translates to “Franz, Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, Bohemia, Galicia, and Lodomeria.”
In the center, there is a right-facing portrait of Franz II, surrounded by a unique arrangement of beads. The mint mark “A,” indicating it was made in Vienna, appears below his neck. On the sides of the coin, the numeral “30” shows the denomination. The coin also features beautiful colors, with bright red and merlot purple toning that adds to its visual appeal.
Reverse Design: The Symbolism
The reverse side has its own captivating design. It displays the inscription:
“DREYSSIG * KREUTZER * ERBLAEND * ISCH·1807·”
This means “Thirty Kreuzer of the Habsburg Empire 1807.”
Inside the bead arrangement is another inscription, “WIENER ST·BANCO ZETT·THEILUNGS MÜNZ Z·30·K·,” which refers to the Bank of Vienna’s 30 kreuzer coin denomination. The imperial double-headed eagle dominates this side, symbolizing the power of the empire. The number “30” is placed in a circle at the center of the eagle’s chest, showcasing the denomination once again.
Collecting the 1807 30 Kreuzer Coin
Collectors value the 1807 30 kreuzer coin for several reasons. Its historical significance as part of the transition from the Holy Roman Empire to the Austrian Empire makes it an interesting piece for those passionate about history. Additionally, the coin’s unique designs and colors make it visually appealing.
Due to its limited mintage, this coin can be rare, adding to its desirability among collectors. As time goes on, the 1807 30 kreuzer coin continues to be a sought-after item for numismatists who appreciate its beauty and history.
In conclusion, the 1807 Austrian 30 kreuzer copper coin is much more than just currency. It is a remarkable artifact that connects collectors to a significant period in European history. The coin reflects the complexities of its time, including the transition from the Holy Roman Empire to the Austrian Empire and the challenges faced by leaders like Franz II. For those interested in history and numismatics, this coin offers a tangible link to the past.